Darren Fontanilla. English 101/Reyes. Persuasive Essay

Darren Fontanilla English 101/Reyes Persuasive Essay 5/8/2017 Somebody’s Daughter How would one feel if one s daughter was kidnapped and ended up being a victim of child prostitution? Of course you would feel sick and disgusted. In the book, Somebody s Daughter: The Hidden Story of America s Prostituted Children and the Battle to save Them, Julian Sher explains that prostitution affects young women in America who are usually runaways. There are multiple situations of different victims being sex trafficked all over the United States; however, they are treated as criminals rather than victims. All through the book, Sher clarifies that, child prostitution is an important awareness that we the general population should put a stop to†¦show more content†¦When we see these children with other people the child may look like normal girls, but we tend to not care and just turn our heads. In the book, a woman named Karen made a note saying â€Å"I’m sorry, I could not stay, the teenager wrote. I don’t think anybody knows w hat it feels like to be a disposable person† (Sher 37). Some people could care less about these children but think of it as if they were your child, brother, sister, family, friend, you would want to put an end to it. Next, to make a difference to end child prostitution is people should treat them as the victim, rather than treating them as the criminal. One clearly does not know what is going through their mind, so making judgements and statements does not help their situation at all. Julian Sher discusses that â€Å"When these children go get the attention of the system, they are almost always treated as criminals, not victims† (13). For what we can assume is that they did not choose this lifestyle but have just got caught up in it and have a hard time getting out. They are scared of their â€Å"pimp† who tells them if you do not do what I say I’ll kill you, hurt you, we’ll sell you to another pimp, etc. In the article, Report urges new approach t o child prostitution: â€Å" ‘These are children that are prostituted. These are children that are harmed. These are not criminals, Ellen Wright Clayton, a physician and member of the team, said at a press conference in Washington, D.C. on

Sexual Intercourse and Circumstances Gonorrhea Free Essays

Gonorrhea is a bacterial disease that is an infection caused by gonococcus bacteria. This bacteria is round shaped and can live only in dark, warm, moist places. These places would include; inside your body, cervix, penis, throat, and rectum. We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual Intercourse and Circumstances Gonorrhea or any similar topic only for you Order Now It usually involves the urethra in males, and vagina, cervix, and fallopian tubes in females. For 2-9 days there are no symptoms of Gonorrhea. There can a lot of burring during urination and thick green-yellow discharge from the penis or vagina.Also, there may be rectal discomfort and discharge, joint pain, a mild rash, or sore throat and swollen glands. For men, the opening of the penis may be red and sore. Symptoms of gonorrhea show up more in males than in females, in fact, about half of the women with gonorrhea have no symptoms. Effects of this disease could include; gonococcal eye infection, blood poisoning, infectious arthritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, epididnmitis, endocarditis, sexual impotence in men, and infertility in women.Also, pregnant women can infect unborn babies. In females the infection occurs in the urethra, the vagina, or the cervix. Although discharged and irritation of vaginal mucous membranes may be severe, and fatal.. Gonorrhea is diagnosed by staining a smear of the discharge to expose the bacteria. Treatment in the early stages is usually effective. In females gonorrhea seems to strike selectively at the cervix. Eighty percent of females with gonorrhea have no immediate signs or symptoms. One symptom in women is a foul smelling vaginal discharge.Since vaginal discharges are not uncommon, women should be alert to any change in the color, odor, or other appearance of discharges. If gonorrhea has affected the urethra, women may experience a burning sensation upon urination. Gonorrhea can be diagnosed by tests that include blood studies. There could be laboratory cultures and microscopic analysis of the discharge from the reproductive organs, rectum, or throat. You will have to obtain some of the symptoms before the doctor will confirm that the tests be administered. This disease is transmitted by sexual contact.Any form of sexual penetration, oral, anal, and vaginal can transmit gonorrhea. There are other ways you can catch the disease, but they are not common. A person with gonorrhea can infect another area of their body by touching the infected area and transferring the excretions. Gonorrhea can also spread through clothing or wash clothes if used by an infected person, and then by someone who isn’t infected. Sometimes infected secretions from the vagina drip down around the anus can cause infection in women. Gonorrhea is treated with antibiotics.Common ones include: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, cefixime, certriaxone, azithromycin, you can also take non-prescription drugs such as Tylenol or aspirin to reduce discomfort and inflammatory pain. The period of communicability for gonorrhea is uncertain but can last as long as discharge continues anywhere from three to six months. Precise diagnosis of gonorrhea requires cultures of discharge specimens. Under most circumstances gonorrhea is easily treated. It is now clear that great amounts of penicillin may be necessary to kill some resistant strains.Untreated gonorrhea may result in irreversible complications. Infertility and sterility can develop in males and females. Gonococcal arthritis in major joints is a generalized infection that irreversibly damages the brain, heart, liver and other key organs and can be present in either sex. The most reliable form of protection is the use of condoms during sexual episodes. STD’s is a very serious matter and it can be fatal, the sexually active individual should also be selective about sexual partners and stay alert to obvious signs and symptoms of disease.Not being wise in your selections can cause you to be infected by the STD, and not being wise in your selections can cause death. No matter what situation your in always use a condom, that is The best way to avoid sexual transmitted disease like Gonorrhea, you have a 90% chance of not getting infected. A 100 % chance of not getting infected wit STD’s is through abstinence. Gonorrhea http://www. marchofdimes. com/pnhec/188_712. asp http://www. smartersex. org/stis/gonorrhea. asp http://www. vdh. virginia. gov/Epidemiology/factsheets/Gonorrhea. htm http://www. womenshealth. gov/faq/gonorrhea. cfm How to cite Sexual Intercourse and Circumstances Gonorrhea, Papers

Experiment Design

Question: Discuss about theExperiment Design. Answer: Introduction: Worldwide, the prevalence of childhood obesity is sky-scraping. More than 65 % school children are obese (Ogden et al., 2008). Importance has been given in the school to identify causes of obesity and to take necessary measures to turn around obesity epidemic. One of the main causes identified for the obesity in school going children is consumption of the junk food which mainly includes sweetened beverages, fast foods, refined grains, processed meats, desserts, pizza, fries potatoes and sweets. It has been observed that there is the positive relation between the body mass and the low nutrient, high energy, low fibre, and high glycemic load food (Fox et al., 2009; Datar and Nicosia, 2012). BMI (kg/m2) is calculated by body mass (kilograms) divided by square of the body height (m2) (kg/m2). BMI is one of the parameters to measure the obesity. WHO set cut off values of BMI as 30, 35 and 40 for moderately obese, severely obese and very severely obese respectively. BMI is calculated in th e same manner in children also; however it is compared to the other children of the same age group for making conclusion. In an initiative to promote healthy and safe diet, on January 21, 2011, WHO recommended to ban junk foods in schools and playgrounds. Countries which banned sale or marketing of junk food in the school or school premises include Britain, Scotland, US, Mexico, United Arab Emirates, Canada and Denmark. Causes of obesity identified are: high energy food, sedentary lifestyle, lack of sufficient sleep, certain medications, genetic factors, and family history. Initially observational study has been conducted on the school children and it has been established that obesity in these children is due to the mixed causes. Out of these causes, junk food is the major cause for epidemic of the obesity. Hence, this study has been designed to establish further correlation of consumption of junk food and obesity. Observations: Table 1: Observations from History taking from Two-Hundred School Children with Obesity Observations from history taking from two-hundred school children with obesity Causes of Obesity Number of children affected Number of children not affected Junk Food 170 30 Sedentary lifestyle 150 50 Lack of sufficient sleep 80 120 Certain medications 90 110 Genetic factors and family history 120 80 I interviewed 200 children and their parents to get insight into the dietary habits, lifestyle, family history and medications. Information about the junk food consumption was collected by interviewing the children and their parents. Junk food consumption since last three years was considered. Junk food consumption for more than four days a week was considered. Also junk food consumption in restaurants and cafeteria for more than 2 times a week was considered. Consumption of junk food for breakfast, lunch and dinner was considered. Sedentary lifestyle information was collected from the children and parents by interviewing them. Children not playing in school and at home for four or more than four days were considered sedentary lifestyle. Those children, whom didnt take part in sports activities since one year in the school, were considered sedentary lifestyle. Information about the lack of sleep was collected by asking the parents and children about the number of hours sleep per day children were taking. Children sleeping for five hours or less than five hours were considered lack of sleep. Information about the obesity prone medication consumed by the children was collected from their physicians. Children consumed medications in the last three months were considered. Information about the genetic factors and the family history was collected from the parents by asking them the family history of obesity either maternal or paternal side. Model: Obesity is considered to be a disorder of energy imbalance, occurring when energy expenditure is no longer in equilibrium with daily energy intake, so as to ensure body weight homeostasis. Although the etiology of obesity is complex, dietary factors, particularly the consumption of junk food, is considered a risk factor for its development. This junk food constitutes around 15-40 % consumption of the caloric intake in the children. In one study it has been found that there is the statistically significant correlation between the junk food intake and augmented energy intake of around 190 calories per day in children consuming junk food as compared to the children not consuming junk food (Bowman et al., 2004). With the consumption of the junk food there is the increase in the energy intake, which ultimately leads to the increase in the body weight. There is the positive correlation established between obesity and consumption of junk food. There is more prevalence of obesity in children with higher consumption of processed carbohydrates and saturated fat as compared to the sugar fee and low fat diet. Abdominal obesity is prevalent in around 15 % children. Obesity in the children is also responsible for the metabolic disorders such as hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. This childhood obesity leads to the mortality and morbidity in the adult age due to complex metabolic disorders (de Man r et al., 1991; Khashayar et al., 2013). Table 2: Types of Junk Food and its Contents Salt content (g/100 g) Fat content (g/100 g) Trans fat content (% of total fat) Potato chips 2.3 33 4.5 Snacks 2.5 35.9 4.3 Noodles 2.7 14.1 4.6 Carbonated drinks 0.0 0 0.0 Burgers 1.5 11.9 3.5 Pizza 1 7.1 1.1 Fries 0.4 19.9 8.1 Fried chicken 0.9 23.4 2.9 Hypothesis: If consumption of junk food is the risk factor for the obesity development in the school going children, then amount and rate of consumption of junk food is higher in obese children as compared to the non-obese children. Null Hypothesis: If consumption of junk food is not a risk factor for the obesity development in the school going children, then amount and rate of consumption of junk food should not be higher in obese children as compared to the non-obese children. Experimental Test: This experiment was carried out in 200 school going children. I interviewed 200 school going children and their parents for the dietary habit of children. Based on the interview, I collected data for the frequency and amount of junk food consumption. I divided children into two groups i.e. i) junk food eating and ii) junk food non-eating. Junk food eating is case group while junk food non-eating is a control group. In this experiment control group is important because there are other factors are also responsible for the childhood obesity and control group rule out the other risk factors and also rule out the effect of healthy diet. I calculated BMI of the both the case group and control group. Data Collection: I asked following questions in the interview of children and their parents : Weekly how many times child is taking junk food? What type of junk food child is taking? What is the amount of junk food child is consuming on daily bases? Whether child is consuming junk food in house or outside? This is an example of ordinal data. This data can be classified into the four subgroups. School children with obesity, and who used to consume junk food. School children without obesity, and who used to consume junk food. School children with obesity, and who never used to consume junk food. School children with obesity, and who never used to consume junk food. Table 3: Data Collected from the Interview of Children and Parents No. of obese children No. of non-obese children School children with obesity, and who used to consume junk food 120 - School children without obesity, and who used to consume junk food - 5 School children with obesity, and who never used to consume junk food 30 - School children without obesity, and who never used to consume junk food - 45 Graph 1: Data collected from the Interview of Children and Parents I would go to analyze to get the relationship between the consumption of junk food and the prevalence of obesity in school going children. Also, data would be analyzed to get information whether children with obesity consumed junk food in more amount and frequency than the nonobese children. Also, data would be analyzed to get information whether children not consuming junk food, have evidence of obesity. References: Bowman SA, Gortmaker SL, Ebbeling CB, Pereira MA, Ludwig DS. Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey. Pediatrics. 2004;113(1 Pt 1):112-8. Datar A, Nicosia N. Junk Food in Schools and Childhood Obesity. J Policy Anal Manage. 2012; 31(2):312-337. de Man SA, Andr JL, Bachmann H, Grobbee DE, Ibsen KK, LaaserU, et al. Blood pressure in childhood: pooled findings of six European studies. J Hypertens. 1991; 9: 109-14. Fox MK, Dodd AH, Wilson A, Gleason PM. Association between school food environment and practices and body mass index of US public school children. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 ; 109(2 Suppl): S108-17. Khashayar P, Heshmat R, Qorbani M, Motlagh ME, Aminaee T,Ardalan G, et al. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular riskfactors in a national sample of adolescent population in the Middle East and North Africa: The CASPIAN III Study. Int J Endocrinol. 2013; https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2013/702095/ Ogden CL, Carroll MD, et al. Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 20072008. JAMA. 2010; 303(3):242249.